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Range of Motion
Palpation
Palpation
- Mandible – TMJ
- Zygomatic arch/cheeks
- Masseter/Parotids
- Salivary glands & lymph nodes
- Suprahyoid muscles
- SCM & Mastoid processes
- Temporal & carotid pulse
- Scalp & hair
- Ears & eye lids
- Upper trapezius
- Levatorscapulae
- Occipitalis & EOP
- Splenius capitis
- Semispinalis capitis
- Suboccipitals
- Muscles of facial expression
- Muscles of mastication
- Oral cavity (gloved hand)
- Facet joints / Articular pillars
- SPs & upper rib motion
- Alar Ligament Stress Test
- Bakody’s Sign/Shoulder Abduction
- Brachial Plexus Compression Test
- Brachial Plexus Stretch Test
- Brudzinski’s Sign
- Cervical Compression Test
- Cervical Distraction Test
- Jull’s/Neck Flexor Endurance Test
- Lateral Shear Test
- L’hermitte’s / Cervical Hyperflexion
- Naffzinger’s Test
- Rust’s Sign
- Scalene Cramp Test
- Sharp-Purser Test
- Shoulder Depression
- TMJ Assessment
- Soto-Hall Test
- Swivel Chair (dizziness) Test
- TMJ 3 Knuckle Test
- Transverse Ligament Stress Test
- Valsalva Maneuver
- Vertebral Basilar Artery Tests
- Upper Limb Tension Tests
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Active range of motion (thoracic)
- Flexion……………20-45° (Adam’s sign for scoliosis)
- Extension……….25-45°
- Lateral flexion…20-40°
- Rotation………….35-50°
Palpation
- SPs & TPs T1-L5
- Erector spinae
- Upper ribs
- Lower ribs
- Scapulae
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
- Latissimus dorsi
- Quadratus lumborum
- Sternum / clavicle
- Supraclavicular fossa
- Axilla (anterior & posterior)
- Lymph nodes
- Pectoralis major/minor
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Sternocostal joints
- Abdominal muscles
- Diaphragm
- Abdominal viscera
- Abdominal aorta
- Ilium & sacrum
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Flexion 40-60°
- Extension 20-35°
- Lateral Flexion 15-20°
- Rotation 3-18°
- SI – Flexion/Extension 0-10°
- SI – Int./external rotation 0-10°
Palpation
- SPs & TPs T1-L5
- Erector spinae
- Upper ribs
- Lower ribs
- Scapulae
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
- Latissimus dorsi
- Quadratus lumborum
- Sternum / clavicle
- Supraclavicular fossa
- Axilla (anterior & posterior)
- Lymph nodes
- Pectoralis major/minor
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Sternocostal joints
- Abdominal muscles
- Diaphragm
- Abdominal viscera
- Abdominal aorta
- Ilium & sacrum
- Sacrotuberous & Sacrospinous ligament
- SI joint
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Flexion 160-180°
- Extension 50-60°
- Med./lat. rotation 90°/80°
- Abduction 180°
- Adduction 35°
- Horizontal Add./Abd. 130°/45°
- Scapulohumeral (humerus: scapula) 120°:60° (2:1)
Palpation
- Trapezius & rhomboids
- Levator scapulae
- Scalenes
- Thoracic outlet
- C-spine, T-spine & ribs
- Deltoid muscle
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- AC & SC joint
- GH joint / rotator cuff
- Teres major
- Latissimus dorsi
- Subscapularis
- Serratus anterior
- Triceps brachii
- Pectoralis major & minor
- Coracoid process
- Coracobrachialis
- Biceps brachii & brachialis
- Bicipital groove
- Radial groove
- Adson’s test
- Apley’s Scratch test
- Biceps load test
- Clunk & Crank
- Costoclavicular maneuver
- Drop arm test (Codman’s)
- Empty can test
- External rotation lag sign
- Faegan’s test
- GH apprehension test
- Halstead’s maneuver (reverse Adson’s)
- Hawkins-Kennedy
- Hyper extension test
- Load & shift
- O’Brien’s
- Neer’s or Speed’s
- Painful arc
- Lippmans test
- Roos’ test
- Yergason’s test
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Flexion 80-90°
- Extension 70-90°
- Ulnar Flexion 30-45°
- Radial Flexion 15°
- Supination 85°-90°
- Pronation 85°-90°
- Fingers
- PIP joint
- DIP joint
Palpation
- Medial epicondyle
- Ulnar groove
- Wrist flexors
- Pronator teres
- Lateral epicondyle
- Wrist extensors
- Thumb extensors
- Interossei
- Thenar/hypothenar pad
- Carpal tunnel
- Tunnel of Guyon (ulnar)
- Anatomic snuff box
- Metacarpals 1-5
- Thumb (#1)
- Finger (#2-5)
- Scaphoid
- Lunate, Triquetrum
- Pisiform
- Dorsal (Lister’s) tubercle
- Trapezium, Trapezoid
- Capitate
- Hamate (hook)
- Ulnar/radial styloids
- Triangular fibrocartilage
- Collateral ligaments
- Pronator Teres
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmaris Longus
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus
- Flexor Pollicis Longus
- Pronator Quadratus
- Brachioradialis
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
- Extensor Digitorum
- Extensor Digiti Minimi
- Anconeus
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Supinator
- Abductor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Extensor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Indicis
- Thenar Muscles
- Hypothenar Muscles
- Central Hand Muscles
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Flexion (straight leg) ~90°
- Flexion (bent knee) ~120°
- Extension 10-15°
- Abduction 30-50°
- Adduction 30°
- Medial rotation 30-40°
- Lateral rotation 40-60°
Palpation
- TFL/ Iliotibial band (ITB)
- SI joint
- Sacrotub./spinous lig.
- Greater trochanter
- Ischial tuberosity
- L-spine/sacrum
- Gluteus max./med.
- Piriformis
- Sciatic nerve
- Hamstrings
- Popliteal fossa
- Gastrocnemius heads
- ASIS/iliac crest
- Iliopsoas
- Pubic symphysis
- Inguinal lig./nodes
- Femoral triangle & artery
- Adductor muscles
- Abdomen
- Quadriceps
- Patella (facets, bursa)
- Patellar ligament
- Tibial tuberosity
- Pes anserine
- Med./lat. knee joint/meniscus
- Med./lat. femoral condyle
- Medial & lateral collateral ligs.
- Gluteus Maximus
- Gluteus Medius
- Gluteus Minimus
- Piriformis
- Superior & Inferior Gemellus
- Obturator Internus
- Obturator Externus
- Quadratus Femoris
- Psoas Major & Minor
- Iliacus
- Tensor Fasciae Latae
- Sartorius
- Rectus Femoris
- Vastus Lateralis
- Vastus Intermedius
- Vastus Medialis
- Pectineus
- Adductor Longus & Brevis
- Gracilis
- Adductor Magnus
- Semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus
- Biceps Femoris
Range of Motion
*knee must be flexed 90º to allow rotation
Palpation
- TFL/ Iliotibial band (ITB)
- Ischial tuberosity
- L-spine/sacrum
- Gluteus max./med.
- Hamstrings
- Popliteal fossa
- Gastrocnemius heads
- Adductor muscles
- Quadriceps
- Patella (facets, bursa)
- Patellar ligament
- Tibial tuberosity
- Pes anserine
- Med./lat. knee joint/meniscus
- Med./lat. femoral condyle
- Medial & lateral collateral ligs.
- Fibular head & neck
Range of Motion
Palpation
- Plantar flexion 50°
- Dorsiflexion 20°
- Inversion 45-60°
- Eversion 15-30°
- Metatarsophalangeal
- MTP – Flexion 75°
- MTP – Extension 35°
Palpation
- Tibial tuberosity & fibular head
- Tibial crest & knee joint line
- Lat./Med. malleolus
- Navicular (tuberosity)
- Cuboid & cuneiforms
- Talus (head, neck, trochlea)
- Calcaneus
- Sustentaculum tali
- Metatarsals
- Phalanges (MP / PIP / DIP joints)
- Sinus tarsi
- Ant. talofibular lig.
- Calcaneofibular lig.
- Post. talofibular lig.
- Spring ligament
- Deltoid ligament
- Subtalar joint
- Midtarsal joint
- Tarsometatarsal joints
- Gastrocnemius/soleus
- Achilles tendon
- TDH muscles (Tib post, flex Digi & Hal)
- Tarsal tunnel (tibial nerve)
- Fibularis L., B. & tertius muscles
- Tib. ant., EHL, EDL muscles
- Plantar fascia & muscles
- Tibial & dorsal pedal pulse
- Tibialis Anterior
- Extensor Digitorum Longus
- Extensor Hallucis Longus
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
- Plantaris
- Popliteus
- Tibialis Posterior
- Flexor Digitorum Longus
- Flexor Hallucis Longus
- Dorsal Foot Muscles
- Dorsal & Plantar Interossei
- Intrinsic Foot Muscles
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